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GintiCalc · Science

Science calculators

Chemistry, astronomy, and environmental calculators — molarity, pH, orbits, and carbon footprints.

Molar Mass Calculator

ChemBench

Molar mass of any chemical formula (e.g. H2O, C6H12O6, Ca(OH)2).

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Mass Percentage Calculator

ChemBench

Percent composition of an element within a chemical formula.

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Empirical Formula Calculator

ChemBench

Simplest whole-number ratio formula from elemental masses or percentages.

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Percent Yield Calculator

ChemBench

Percent yield from actual and theoretical reaction yields.

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Limiting Reactant Calculator

ChemBench

Identify which reactant runs out first in a reaction.

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Theoretical Yield Calculator

ChemBench

Maximum possible product yield from a limiting reactant's moles.

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Molarity Calculator

ChemBench

Molar concentration of a solution from solute mass, molar mass, and volume.

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Molality Calculator

ChemBench

Molal concentration of a solution from solute mass, molar mass, and solvent mass.

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Normality Calculator

ChemBench

Normality (equivalent concentration) from molarity and equivalents per mole.

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pH Calculator

ChemBench

pH and pOH from hydrogen ion concentration.

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Henderson-Hasselbalch Calculator

ChemBench

Buffer solution pH from pKa and the acid/base concentration ratio.

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Ideal Gas Law Calculator

ChemBench

Solve PV = nRT for pressure given volume, moles, and temperature.

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Boyle's Law Calculator

ChemBench

Final pressure from initial pressure/volume and a new volume, at constant temperature.

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Charles's Law Calculator

ChemBench

Final volume from initial volume/temperature and a new temperature, at constant pressure.

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Gay-Lussac's Law Calculator

ChemBench

Final pressure from initial pressure/temperature and a new temperature, at constant volume.

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Avogadro's Law Calculator

ChemBench

Final volume from initial volume/moles and a new mole count, at constant pressure and temperature.

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Graham's Law Calculator

ChemBench

Relative effusion rate of two gases from their molar masses.

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Arrhenius Equation Calculator

ChemBench

Reaction rate constant from activation energy, temperature, and the pre-exponential factor.

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Activation Energy Calculator

ChemBench

Activation energy from rate constants measured at two different temperatures.

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Gibbs Free Energy Calculator

ChemBench

ΔG from enthalpy, temperature, and entropy — determines reaction spontaneity.

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Enthalpy Calculator

ChemBench

Enthalpy change from internal energy change and pressure-volume work.

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Entropy Calculator

ChemBench

Entropy change from heat transferred at a given temperature.

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Boiling Point Elevation Calculator

ChemBench

How much a dissolved solute raises a solution's boiling point.

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Freezing Point Depression Calculator

ChemBench

How much a dissolved solute lowers a solution's freezing point.

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Osmotic Pressure Calculator

ChemBench

Osmotic pressure of a solution from molarity, temperature, and the van 't Hoff factor.

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Radioactive Decay Calculator

ChemBench

Remaining amount of a radioactive substance after a given time, from its half-life.

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Electronegativity Difference Calculator

ChemBench

Bond polarity between two elements from their electronegativity difference.

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Dilution Calculator

ChemBench

Find the volume needed to dilute a solution to a target concentration (M₁V₁ = M₂V₂).

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Nernst Equation Calculator

ChemBench

Electrode potential under non-standard conditions using the Nernst equation.

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Beer-Lambert Law Calculator

ChemBench

Light absorbance and transmittance through a solution (A = εcl).

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Rate Law Calculator

ChemBench

Chemical kinetics — concentration vs. time for 0th, 1st, and 2nd order reactions.

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Equilibrium Constant Calculator

ChemBench

Calculate the equilibrium constant K from Gibbs free energy and temperature.

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Michaelis-Menten Calculator

ChemBench

Enzyme kinetics — reaction velocity from substrate concentration, Vmax, and Km.

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Carbon Footprint Calculator

EcoTrack

Monthly CO₂ footprint from electricity use, car travel, and flights.

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Water Footprint Calculator

EcoTrack

Total water used to produce a given mass of a product.

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Tree Carbon Sequestration Calculator

EcoTrack

CO₂ absorbed by a number of trees over a given number of years.

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Solar Payback Period Calculator

EcoTrack

Years to break even on a solar panel system from cost and annual energy savings.

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Wind Turbine Power Calculator

EcoTrack

Power output of a wind turbine from air density, swept area, wind speed, and efficiency.

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Rainwater Harvesting Calculator

EcoTrack

Harvestable rainwater volume from roof area, rainfall, and runoff coefficient.

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Compost C:N Ratio Calculator

EcoTrack

Blended carbon-to-nitrogen ratio from green and brown compost material masses.

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Orbital Period Calculator

OrbitLab

Orbital period from semi-major axis and central body mass, via Kepler's third law.

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Escape Velocity Calculator

OrbitLab

Escape velocity of a planet or star from its mass and radius.

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Schwarzschild Radius Calculator

OrbitLab

The event horizon radius for a given mass, if compressed into a black hole.

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Redshift Calculator

OrbitLab

Redshift (z) and recession velocity from observed vs. rest wavelength.

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Apparent Magnitude Calculator

OrbitLab

How bright an object would appear from a given distance, given its absolute magnitude.

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Absolute Magnitude Calculator

OrbitLab

True brightness of an object from its apparent magnitude and distance.

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Luminosity Calculator

OrbitLab

A star's luminosity relative to the Sun, from its radius and surface temperature.

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Hubble Expansion Calculator

OrbitLab

Recession velocity from distance, using Hubble's Law.

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Eclipse Calculator

OrbitLab

Predict total vs. annular solar eclipse type from the Sun and Moon's angular sizes.

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Planetary Distance Calculator

OrbitLab

Convert astronomical units (AU) to kilometers and light travel time.

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